Governance & Sovereignty

In 2024, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) adopted a treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources, and Associated Traditional Knowledge to prevent erroneous patents derived from Indigenous knowledge and resources. While this marked important progress, the study highlights gaps in protecting Indigenous heirloom seeds and cultural heritage under current frameworks. The authors call for new governance models that align Western law with Indigenous customary law to support seed rematriation and safeguard cultural heritage.

This study examined why the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) failed on the Hopi Reservation, where nearly all contracts issued between 1999 and 2004 were cancelled. Researchers identified four major barriers—multi-layered land tenure, lack of capital, poor communication, and institutional design flaws—that made participation unworkable for Hopi farmers and ranchers. The findings call for reforms, culturally appropriate outreach, and recognition of Indigenous conservation practices to improve payment-for-ecosystem-services (PES) programs.

This research highlights how colonial policies, such as the General Allotment Act of 1887, continue to obscure and complicate access to reliable land data for Native Nations. Outdated and exclusive federal systems marginalize Indigenous communities by limiting their ability to use data for land planning and governance. The study recommends strengthening Tribal data sovereignty as a foundation for inclusive, accurate, and protected land information systems.

Indigenous peoples experience water insecurity disproportionately compared to other populations. This article illustrates how jurisdictional and regulatory injustices, combined with political and economic asymmetries advanced by settler colonial states, reproduce water insecurity for Indigenous communities in Canada and the United States. The authors also show how Indigenous peoples are pushing back through state and non-state strategies, revitalizing Indigenous knowledge and governance systems to assert water rights.